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How do you manage database migrations during deployment?

How do you manage database migrations during deployment?

Answer: To manage database migrations during deployment, follow these steps:

1. Plan Migrations: Create a clear migration plan with versioning to track changes.
2. Automate: Use migration tools (e.g., Liquibase, Flyway) to automate migration scripts.
3. Version Control: Store migration scripts in version control alongside application code.
4. Testing: Run migrations in a staging environment to catch issues before production.
5. Backup: Always backup the database before deploying migrations.
6. Deploy: Execute migrations as part of the deployment process, ensuring downtime is minimized.
7. Rollback Strategy: Have a rollback plan for failures to restore the previous state if necessary.

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