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How do you validate user input in Yii? - Code Stap
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How do you validate user input in Yii?

How do you validate user input in Yii?

In Yii, user input validation is primarily handled using models and validators. Yii provides built-in validation rules and also allows you to create custom validators to ensure that user input is properly validated before processing. Here’s how to validate user input in Yii in minimal steps:

1. Create a Model

Define the attributes and validation rules inside your model class. Models represent the data structure and validation logic.

Example: UserForm.php Model

Example

<?php
namespace app\models;

use yii\base\Model;

class UserForm extends Model
{
    public $username;
    public $email;
    public $age;

    // Define validation rules
    public function rules()
    {
        return [
            [['username', 'email'], 'required'], // Required fields
            ['email', 'email'],                  // Email must be a valid email address
            ['age', 'integer', 'min' => 18],     // Age must be an integer, minimum 18
        ];
    }
}
?>

2. Create a Form in the View

In your view file, create a form that allows users to input data. Yii provides the ActiveForm widget to generate forms easily.

Example: views/site/user-form.php

Example

<?php
use yii\helpers\Html;
use yii\widgets\ActiveForm;

$form = ActiveForm::begin(); ?>

<?= $form->field($model, 'username') ?>
<?= $form->field($model, 'email') ?>
<?= $form->field($model, 'age') ?>

<div class="form-group">
    <?= Html::submitButton('Submit', ['class' => 'btn btn-primary']) ?>
</div>

<?php ActiveForm::end(); ?>
?>

3. Handle Validation in the Controller

In your controller, validate the form inputs using the model’s validate() method. If validation fails, Yii will automatically display error messages in the form.

Example: SiteController.php

Example

<?php
namespace app\controllers;

use Yii;
use yii\web\Controller;
use app\models\UserForm;

class SiteController extends Controller
{
    public function actionUserForm()
    {
        $model = new UserForm();

        if ($model->load(Yii::$app->request->post()) && $model->validate()) {
            // If validation is successful, process the data
            return $this->render('success');
        }

        // If validation fails, show the form again with error messages
        return $this->render('user-form', ['model' => $model]);
    }
}
?>
  • load() loads the user input into the model.
  • validate() checks the data against the rules defined in the model. If validation fails, it automatically populates the model with error messages that can be displayed in the form.

4. Display Error Messages

Yii automatically displays validation error messages next to the input fields when using ActiveForm. If validation fails, errors are shown without additional coding.

Example: Failed Validation Output

If the user submits an invalid email or a missing required field, Yii will display error messages below the respective fields.

Example

<?php
<div class="form-group field-userform-email has-error">
    <label class="control-label" for="userform-email">Email</label>
    <input type="text" id="userform-email" class="form-control" name="UserForm[email]" value="">
    <div class="help-block">Email is not a valid email address.</div>
</div>
?>

5. Custom Validators (Optional)

You can also create custom validation rules by defining methods in the model.

Example: Custom Age Validator

Example

<?php
public function rules()
{
    return [
        ['age', 'validateAge'],  // Custom validation for age
    ];
}

public function validateAge($attribute, $params)
{
    if ($this->age < 18) {
        $this->addError($attribute, 'You must be at least 18 years old.');
    }
}
?>

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