How do you create and manage custom controllers in a Magento extension?

How do you create and manage custom controllers in a Magento extension?

Answer: To create and manage custom controllers in a Magento extension, follow these steps:

1. Module Declaration: Create the module’s directory structure, usually under `app/code/[Vendor]/[Module]`. Add `registration.php` and `etc/module.xml` to declare your module.

2. Routing: Define routes in `etc/frontend/routes.xml` (or `etc/adminhtml/routes.xml` for admin) to map URLs to your controller.

3. Controller Class: Create your controller classes in `Controller/[Action].php`. Each action will extend `MagentoFrameworkAppActionAction` and implement the `execute()` method.

4. View and Layout: If necessary, create corresponding view files under `view/frontend/templates` and layout XML files under `view/frontend/layout` to define the output structure.

5. Dependency Injection: Use dependency injection in your controller’s constructor to leverage Magento’s services or models.

6. Access Control: Set access permissions for admin controllers or create ACL rules in `etc/acl.xml`.

7. Testing: Ensure your controllers work correctly by testing the routes and functionalities.

By following these steps, you can effectively create and manage custom controllers in your Magento extension.

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